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Turning a poor soil into a plant-friendly soil is not difficult to do, once you understand the components of a healthy soil. Whatever types of soil there are, healthy soils should be composed of weathered rock and organic matter, water and air in balance. But the presence of microorganisms (small animals, worms, insects and microbes) is the key for a healthy soil. They help convert organic matter and soil minerals into the vitamins, hormones, disease-suppressing compounds and nutrients that plants need to grow. Organic matter is the partially decomposed remains of soil organisms and plant life; it favors the activity of the beneficial microorganisms. It also binds together soil particles into porous crumbs or granules which allow air and water to move through the soil. Animal manures will improve the availability of phosphorus, potassium and calcium for plant growth. Green manures provide a short-term organic carbon deposit improving soil structure.